War Clouds in Eastern Mediterranean
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RKOB
War Clouds in Eastern Mediterranean
Down with the imperialist aggression of the EU, Israel and Arab tyrants against Turkey! Support the ongoing Arab Revolution! https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/war-clouds-in-eastern-mediterranean/ <https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/war-clouds-in-eastern-mediterranean/> -- Revolutionär-Kommunistische Organisation BEFREIUNG (Österreichische Sektion der RCIT, www.thecommunists.net) www.rkob.net aktiv@... Tel./SMS/WhatsApp/Telegram: +43-650-4068314 -- Diese E-Mail wurde von Avast Antivirus-Software auf Viren geprüft. https://www.avast.com/antivirus
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Chris Slee
The RCIT statement says:
5. "These convulsive events have also provoked the formation of two counterrevolutionary “Holy Alliances”. One is the axis of Russian imperialism, Iran, Hezbollah and the Assad dictatorship; the other consists of Saudi-Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Egypt in close alliance with US and Israeli imperialism.
6.
"In contrast to these two counterrevolutionary alliances, some states hope to maneuver between the Great Powers and to advance their interests by exploiting and materially aiding various liberation struggles. This is particularly the case with Turkey which
lends limited support for the remaining liberation forces in Idlib as well as for the Libyan GNA government. Another example is Turkey’s tacit support for exiled Muslim Brotherhood leaders who face persecution by the Egypt dictatorship. Qatar, an ally of Turkey,
plays a similar role albeit to a more limited degree (e.g. its financial aid for Gaza dominated by Hamas)."
*****
In my view Turkey and Qatar are also counterrevolutionary. They constitute a third "holy alliance".
Turkey not only oppresses its own Kurdish population. It intervenes in neighbouring countries to suppress struggles for Kurdish rights, and for democratic rights generally.
For example, Turkey invaded Afrin in January 2018, and then invaded a strip of land in northeastern Syria in October 2019, as part of its ongoing campaign to crush the Rojava revolution.
More insidiously, Turkey used its position as a supplier of aid to the Syrian rebels to co-opt some of them and use them in its anti-Rojava campaign. This has been occurring since the beginning of the Rojava revolution in July 2012. By diverting many rebels
away from the fight against the Assad regime, Turkey has weakened the revolution and helped Assad to remain in power.
Turkey has also invaded and bombed parts of northern Iraq in its campaign against the PKK.
Turkey does indeed "manoeuvre between the Great Powers". Although belonging to NATO, it does not follow the US line on everything. For example, it trades with Venezuela in defiance of the US blockade, supplying food in return for gold mined in Venezuela.
The RCIT says that Turkey is a semi-colony. I would say its status is intermediate between imperialist and semicolonial. Its interventions in Syria, Iraq and Libya reflect Erdogan's desire to make Turkey more influential in the Middle East - to make it more
like an imperialist power.
The RCIT claims that Turkey's military intervention in Libya is an example of "aiding various liberation struggles". I have not followed the situation in Libya closely since 2013, but I am skeptical that either side in the current conflict can be considered
a liberation movement.
The anti-Gaddafi movement degenerated at a very early stage after the 2011 uprising. An example was its racism towards black Libyans, leading to pogroms and ethnic cleansing. See my article:
Is there any evidence that either of the two main factions in the current conflict in Libya has broken with this reactionary history?
Chris Slee
From: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> on behalf of RKOB <aktiv@...>
Sent: Monday, 14 September 2020 9:28 PM To: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> Subject: [marxmail] War Clouds in Eastern Mediterranean War Clouds in Eastern Mediterranean
Down with the imperialist aggression of the EU, Israel and Arab tyrants against Turkey! Support the ongoing Arab Revolution! https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/war-clouds-in-eastern-mediterranean/ <https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/war-clouds-in-eastern-mediterranean/> -- Revolutionär-Kommunistische Organisation BEFREIUNG (Österreichische Sektion der RCIT, www.thecommunists.net) www.rkob.net aktiv@... Tel./SMS/WhatsApp/Telegram: +43-650-4068314 -- Diese E-Mail wurde von Avast Antivirus-Software auf Viren geprüft. https://www.avast.com/antivirus
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RKOB
In my opinion, there are the following problems in your argument. 1) You say, rightly, that Turkey is oppressing the Kurds. This is surely true and has to be opposed by all socialists and democrats. But in contrast to the perception of you and other supporters of the YPG, politics in the Middle East does not circle around the Kurdish question. It is rather the YPG which is circling around U.S. imperialism (and sometimes other holders of power like Assad). You can not and should not judge all states and forces primarily by what they say on the Kurdish issue. It is an important issue but not the only one in this region. 2) You say: “Erdogan's desire to make Turkey more influential in the Middle East - to make it more like an imperialist power.” We can discuss about Erdoğan’s “desire”. But this is not decisive for Marxists. It is the objective role of different forces in a given conflict. There have been national liberation movements in history fighting under the banner of Islam which might have “desired” to create a “global caliphate”. However, objectively they were fighting the occupation by British, French or US imperialism. Apologists of imperialism took this ideological mantle as a pretext to denounce such struggles. Communists don’t do this. It is necessary to have not an impressionistic characterization of a state (“the desire of its head is …”) but an objective class analysis of its political and economic position. A brief summary of our analysis of Turkey can be read in chapter V of this book: https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/world-perspectives-2018/ 3) The difference between the Libyan GNA government and General Haftar is similar to the difference between Morsi and General Sisi in Egypt. Or, to give another analogy, between the Erdoğan government and the Turkish military dictatorships from 1980 onwards. Yes, they are all bourgeois. Yes, they all collaborate in one way or another with this or that Great Power. But if you are blind to recognize the difference between a semi-democratic bourgeois parliamentary system and a full-blown dictatorship, you repeat the nonsense of the Stalinist “social-fascism” theory of the late 1920s and early 1930s. It is because you are incapable to recognize this difference that you put the foreign intervention of Saudi Arabia/UAE on the same level as Turkey’s. One attempts to bloody crush a liberation struggle. The other tries to exploit and manipulate it (in order to finally liquidate it). “In the end” it is all the same. Likewise, “in the end” we will be all dead. But in the meantime we can do a few things if we are not instantly killed! Serious political people must not ignore this difference! 4) It is a well-known slander of pro-Gaddafi people to denounce the Libyan Revolution as “anti-Black racist”. Behind this is the claim that the Gaddafi dictatorship had been somehow better for Black people. There is no doubt, that there exist (and always existed) anti-Black chauvinist trends in the Arab world. But the Libyan Revolution did not centre around the issue of Black people and did not follow an agenda of “anti-Black racism”. This is Gaddafian slander of the revolutionary process and a cheap excuse for refusing to take sides in the civil war (see only this e.g. the second half of our essay: https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/liberation-struggle-and-imperialism/). -- Revolutionär-Kommunistische Organisation BEFREIUNG (Österreichische Sektion der RCIT, www.thecommunists.net) www.rkob.net aktiv@... Tel./SMS/WhatsApp/Telegram: +43-650-4068314
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Chris Slee
RKOB acknowledges that "Turkey is oppressing the Kurds", but downplays this by saying that the oppression of the Kurds is "an important issue but not the only one in this region". Of course it is not the "only" issue, but since it is "important" then we should
express our solidarity with those fighting for Kurdish rights against the Turkish state - including the PKK and YPG/YPJ. But RKOB does not do so.
He claims that the YPG is "circling around US imperialism". I assume he is referring to the cooperation between the Syrian Democratic Forces and the US in fighting against ISIS.
But RKOB seems to have a double standard. In 2011 the Libyan rebels were allied with NATO in the campaign to overthrow Gaddafi. Yet RKOB does not denounce them as pro-imperialist.
RKOB denies that the Libyan rebels were racist. They included a diverse mixture of political ideologies, so I will not generalise about the whole rebel movement. But certainly a powerful section of the rebel movement was extremely racist.
The rebel militia from the city of Misrata ethnically cleansed the black population of the nearby town of Tawergha, destroying their homes and driving them away, causing them to flee to refugee camps in other cities. Even after the war against Gaddafi was
over, the Misrata militia refused to allow the refugees to return for more than 6 years. In 2018 an agreement was reached that they would no longer be blocked from returning, but as far as I know few have done so, because of the devastated condition of the
town, and because of continuing fear of the Misrata militia.
In judging whether the Turkish-backed Government of National Accord is better than the Haftar forces, their attitude towards black people, including the refugees from Tawergha, would be one criterion (not the only one, of course). I have not studied this question
sufficiently to form a definite opinion on this.
Chris Slee
From: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> on behalf of RKOB <aktiv@...>
Sent: Saturday, 19 September 2020 4:38 PM To: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> Subject: Re: [marxmail] War Clouds in Eastern Mediterranean In my opinion, there are the following problems in your argument. 1) You say, rightly, that Turkey is oppressing the Kurds. This is surely true and has to be opposed by all socialists and democrats. But in contrast to the perception of you and other supporters of the YPG, politics in the Middle East does not circle around the Kurdish question. It is rather the YPG which is circling around U.S. imperialism (and sometimes other holders of power like Assad). You can not and should not judge all states and forces primarily by what they say on the Kurdish issue. It is an important issue but not the only one in this region. 2) You say: “Erdogan's desire to make Turkey more influential in the Middle East - to make it more like an imperialist power.” We can discuss about Erdoğan’s “desire”. But this is not decisive for Marxists. It is the objective role of different forces in a given conflict. There have been national liberation movements in history fighting under the banner of Islam which might have “desired” to create a “global caliphate”. However, objectively they were fighting the occupation by British, French or US imperialism. Apologists of imperialism took this ideological mantle as a pretext to denounce such struggles. Communists don’t do this. It is necessary to have not an impressionistic characterization of a state (“the desire of its head is …”) but an objective class analysis of its political and economic position. A brief summary of our analysis of Turkey can be read in chapter V of this book: https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/world-perspectives-2018/ 3) The difference between the Libyan GNA government and General Haftar is similar to the difference between Morsi and General Sisi in Egypt. Or, to give another analogy, between the Erdoğan government and the Turkish military dictatorships from 1980 onwards. Yes, they are all bourgeois. Yes, they all collaborate in one way or another with this or that Great Power. But if you are blind to recognize the difference between a semi-democratic bourgeois parliamentary system and a full-blown dictatorship, you repeat the nonsense of the Stalinist “social-fascism” theory of the late 1920s and early 1930s. It is because you are incapable to recognize this difference that you put the foreign intervention of Saudi Arabia/UAE on the same level as Turkey’s. One attempts to bloody crush a liberation struggle. The other tries to exploit and manipulate it (in order to finally liquidate it). “In the end” it is all the same. Likewise, “in the end” we will be all dead. But in the meantime we can do a few things if we are not instantly killed! Serious political people must not ignore this difference! 4) It is a well-known slander of pro-Gaddafi people to denounce the Libyan Revolution as “anti-Black racist”. Behind this is the claim that the Gaddafi dictatorship had been somehow better for Black people. There is no doubt, that there exist (and always existed) anti-Black chauvinist trends in the Arab world. But the Libyan Revolution did not centre around the issue of Black people and did not follow an agenda of “anti-Black racism”. This is Gaddafian slander of the revolutionary process and a cheap excuse for refusing to take sides in the civil war (see only this e.g. the second half of our essay: https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/liberation-struggle-and-imperialism/). -- Revolutionär-Kommunistische Organisation BEFREIUNG (Österreichische Sektion der RCIT, www.thecommunists.net) www.rkob.net aktiv@... Tel./SMS/WhatsApp/Telegram: +43-650-4068314
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Chris Slee
I sent this yesterday (6.52 pm Melbourne, Australia, time) and it came back into my inbox, but it is not showing up on the "latest 100 messages" list.
Chris Slee
RKOB acknowledges that "Turkey is oppressing the Kurds", but downplays this by saying that the oppression of the Kurds is "an important issue but not the only one in this region". Of course it is not the "only" issue, but since it is "important" then we should
express our solidarity with those fighting for Kurdish rights against the Turkish state - including the PKK and YPG/YPJ. But RKOB does not do so.
He claims that the YPG is "circling around US imperialism". I assume he is referring to the cooperation between the Syrian Democratic Forces and the US in fighting against ISIS.
But RKOB seems to have a double standard. In 2011 the Libyan rebels were allied with NATO in the campaign to overthrow Gaddafi. Yet RKOB does not denounce them as pro-imperialist.
RKOB denies that the Libyan rebels were racist. They included a diverse mixture of political ideologies, so I will not generalise about the whole rebel movement. But certainly a powerful section of the rebel movement was extremely racist.
The rebel militia from the city of Misrata ethnically cleansed the black population of the nearby town of Tawergha, destroying their homes and driving them away, causing them to flee to refugee camps in other cities. Even after the war against Gaddafi was
over, the Misrata militia refused to allow the refugees to return for more than 6 years. In 2018 an agreement was reached that they would no longer be blocked from returning, but as far as I know few have done so, because of the devastated condition of the
town, and because of continuing fear of the Misrata militia.
In judging whether the Turkish-backed Government of National Accord is better than the Haftar forces, their attitude towards black people, including the refugees from Tawergha, would be one criterion (not the only one, of course). I have not studied this question
sufficiently to form a definite opinion on this.
Chris Slee
From: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> on behalf of RKOB <aktiv@...>
Sent: Saturday, 19 September 2020 4:38 PM To: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> Subject: Re: [marxmail] War Clouds in Eastern Mediterranean In my opinion, there are the following problems in your argument. 1) You say, rightly, that Turkey is oppressing the Kurds. This is surely true and has to be opposed by all socialists and democrats. But in contrast to the perception of you and other supporters of the YPG, politics in the Middle East does not circle around the Kurdish question. It is rather the YPG which is circling around U.S. imperialism (and sometimes other holders of power like Assad). You can not and should not judge all states and forces primarily by what they say on the Kurdish issue. It is an important issue but not the only one in this region. 2) You say: “Erdogan's desire to make Turkey more influential in the Middle East - to make it more like an imperialist power.” We can discuss about Erdoğan’s “desire”. But this is not decisive for Marxists. It is the objective role of different forces in a given conflict. There have been national liberation movements in history fighting under the banner of Islam which might have “desired” to create a “global caliphate”. However, objectively they were fighting the occupation by British, French or US imperialism. Apologists of imperialism took this ideological mantle as a pretext to denounce such struggles. Communists don’t do this. It is necessary to have not an impressionistic characterization of a state (“the desire of its head is …”) but an objective class analysis of its political and economic position. A brief summary of our analysis of Turkey can be read in chapter V of this book: https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/world-perspectives-2018/ 3) The difference between the Libyan GNA government and General Haftar is similar to the difference between Morsi and General Sisi in Egypt. Or, to give another analogy, between the Erdoğan government and the Turkish military dictatorships from 1980 onwards. Yes, they are all bourgeois. Yes, they all collaborate in one way or another with this or that Great Power. But if you are blind to recognize the difference between a semi-democratic bourgeois parliamentary system and a full-blown dictatorship, you repeat the nonsense of the Stalinist “social-fascism” theory of the late 1920s and early 1930s. It is because you are incapable to recognize this difference that you put the foreign intervention of Saudi Arabia/UAE on the same level as Turkey’s. One attempts to bloody crush a liberation struggle. The other tries to exploit and manipulate it (in order to finally liquidate it). “In the end” it is all the same. Likewise, “in the end” we will be all dead. But in the meantime we can do a few things if we are not instantly killed! Serious political people must not ignore this difference! 4) It is a well-known slander of pro-Gaddafi people to denounce the Libyan Revolution as “anti-Black racist”. Behind this is the claim that the Gaddafi dictatorship had been somehow better for Black people. There is no doubt, that there exist (and always existed) anti-Black chauvinist trends in the Arab world. But the Libyan Revolution did not centre around the issue of Black people and did not follow an agenda of “anti-Black racism”. This is Gaddafian slander of the revolutionary process and a cheap excuse for refusing to take sides in the civil war (see only this e.g. the second half of our essay: https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/liberation-struggle-and-imperialism/). -- Revolutionär-Kommunistische Organisation BEFREIUNG (Österreichische Sektion der RCIT, www.thecommunists.net) www.rkob.net aktiv@... Tel./SMS/WhatsApp/Telegram: +43-650-4068314
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RKOB
You are simply wrong to claim that we don’t support the Kurdish national liberation struggle. In the document which you criticize we say: “As the RCIT has repeatedly pointed out, we refuse any political support for the bourgeois-Islamist Erdoğan government. We support the right of national self-determination of the Kurdish people.” (Thesis 7, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/war-clouds-in-eastern-mediterranean/) Similar we state in the more extended theses “Turkey and the Growing Tensions in Eastern Mediterranean”: “14. In terms of domestic politics, the Erdoğan regime is a government based on a bourgeois-parliamentary system which increasingly takes bonapartist features. However, calling it “fascist” as many Stalinists are doing is a silly caricature of the very term. Furthermore, another important feature of Erdoğan’s domestic policy is the intensified national oppression of the Kurdish minority. Revolutionaries in Turkey fight for a workers and poor peasant republic and the unconditional right of national self-determination for the Kurdish people.” (https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/turkey-and-the-growing-tensions-in-eastern-mediterranean/) What we don’t do – in contrast to you – is to support and cheer the YPG which serves as foot soldiers of U.S. imperialism since more than five years. Hence, your analogy with the Libyan rebels (which you continue to smear as racist) is unfounded. You say: “But RKOB seems to have a double standard. In 2011 the Libyan rebels were allied with NATO in the campaign to overthrow Gaddafi. Yet RKOB does not denounce them as pro-imperialist.” The “little difference” between the YPG and the Libyan rebels is that the later started and waged the struggle independent and that the intervention by NATO (and their collusion with elements of the rebel leadership) was episodically. The Western imperialists never could bring the country under their full control. Hence, not long after the downfall of Gaddafi the U.S. Ambassador was killed and nearly all imperialist embassies were evacuated. No NATO troops were stationed – may be some special troops operated in secret here and there but there were no military basis. You might also remember that Obama – in his final long interview - mentioned the military intervention in Libya as one of his big mistakes. Guess why?! And if the GNA government would be loyal servants of imperialist Great Powers why did they not support it with substantial military aid in the past years?! In contrast, they either stay neutral or support Haftar. Now compare this to the years-long relationship of the YPG and US imperialism. You have US troops on the ground, close collaboration, military bases – and all this since many years! One must be really totally blind to ignore the difference!
Am 20.09.2020 um 10:52 schrieb Chris
Slee:
-- Revolutionär-Kommunistische Organisation BEFREIUNG (Österreichische Sektion der RCIT, www.thecommunists.net) www.rkob.net aktiv@... Tel./SMS/WhatsApp/Telegram: +43-650-4068314
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Chris Slee
1. RKOB says: "We support the right of national self-determination of the Kurdish people". The problem is that he does not give any support, even critical, to those organisations fighting for Kurdish rights against the oppressive Turkish state - such as
the PKK and YPG/YPJ.
2. In response to my accusation of double standards, RKOB claims that there is a qualitative difference between the Libyan rebels' cooperation with NATO against Gaddafi
and the SDF's cooperation with the United States against ISIS. He says:
"The “little difference” between the YPG and the Libyan rebels is that the later started and waged the struggle independent and that the intervention by NATO (and their collusion with elements of the rebel leadership) was episodically."
While not very clear, this passage seems to imply that the YPG's struggle against ISIS did not start independently of the US. But in fact the YPG had been fighting ISIS
for months before the US decided to help them.
Secondly, the intervention of NATO in Libya was not merely episodic, as RKOB claims. It
continued (mainly in the form of bombing raids by NATO aircraft, but also with some presence of special forces on the ground) until Gaddafi was overthrown. For more details see:
NATO avoided sending large numbers of ground troops to Libya because of the experience of Afghanistan and Iraq, where US troops got bogged down in ongoing guerrilla warfare.
In Syria, too, US aircraft carried out bombing raids in support of local forces on the ground - in this case the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF, which includes the YPG/YPJ). This cooperation continued longer than in Libya, because ISIS proved more resilient
than the Gaddafi regime.
Some US troops were also stationed near the Turkish border to deter a Turkish invasion of north-eastern Syria. Turkey's invasion of Afrin showed its intention to crush the Kurdish-led Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES). The US was worried
that a Turkish invasion of north-eastern Syria would divert the SDF away from the fight against ISIS. This would enable ISIS to recover and grow stronger, not only in Syria but also in Iraq, hindering attempts to create a stable pro-US regime there.
Trump, however, withdrew US troops from the Syria/Turkey border, enabling Turkey to invade north-eastern Syria, grabbing a strip of land along the border. The AANES then
asked Russia for support in deterring further Turkish aggression.
Revolutionary movements and revolutionary governments often try to take advantage of rivalries and conflicts amongst different capitalist governments. Sometimes this involves
military cooperation with one state against another state which is a more immediate threat to the revolution.
I don't automatically condemn such cooperation. But there is always the danger of co-option. The movement may degenerate and abandon its original goals.
In the long run the only solution is the spread of the revolution.
3. RKOB denies that the Libyan rebels were racist. He completely ignores my discussion of the ethnic cleansing of the black people of Tawergha by the strongest rebel
armed group, the Misrata militia.
This does not mean that all the rebels were racist, but certainly a substantial part of them were.
Our attitude towards the current conflict between the Turkish-backed Government of National Accord (GNA) and the forces of General Haftar should be influenced by the attitude
of each side towards anti-black racism, and towards the refugees from Tawergha. This is because the struggle against racism is a very important aspect of the struggle for democracy.
I am uncertain whether there is any significant difference between the two sides on this issue. I will investigate further.
In Syria the SDF is fighting for a democratic society with equal rights for the members of all religious and ethnic groups. I am not sure that the same can be said of the Libyan GNA.
Chris Slee
From: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> on behalf of RKOB <aktiv@...>
Sent: Monday, 21 September 2020 4:21 PM To: marxmail@groups.io <marxmail@groups.io> Subject: Re: [marxmail] War Clouds in Eastern Mediterranean
You are simply wrong to claim that we don’t support the Kurdish national liberation struggle. In the document which you criticize we say: “As the RCIT has repeatedly pointed out, we refuse any political support for the bourgeois-Islamist Erdoğan government. We support the right of national self-determination of the Kurdish people.” (Thesis 7, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/war-clouds-in-eastern-mediterranean/) Similar we state in the more extended theses “Turkey and the Growing Tensions in Eastern Mediterranean”: “14. In terms of domestic politics, the Erdoğan regime is a government based on a bourgeois-parliamentary system which increasingly takes bonapartist features. However, calling it “fascist” as many Stalinists are doing is a silly caricature of the very term. Furthermore, another important feature of Erdoğan’s domestic policy is the intensified national oppression of the Kurdish minority. Revolutionaries in Turkey fight for a workers and poor peasant republic and the unconditional right of national self-determination for the Kurdish people.” (https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/africa-and-middle-east/turkey-and-the-growing-tensions-in-eastern-mediterranean/) What we don’t do – in contrast to you – is to support and cheer the YPG which serves as foot soldiers of U.S. imperialism since more than five years. Hence, your analogy with the Libyan rebels (which you continue to smear as racist) is unfounded. You say: “But RKOB seems to have a double standard. In 2011 the Libyan rebels were allied with NATO in the campaign to overthrow Gaddafi. Yet RKOB does not denounce them as pro-imperialist.” The “little difference” between the YPG and the Libyan rebels is that the later started and waged the struggle independent and that the intervention by NATO (and their collusion with elements of the rebel leadership) was episodically. The Western imperialists never could bring the country under their full control. Hence, not long after the downfall of Gaddafi the U.S. Ambassador was killed and nearly all imperialist embassies were evacuated. No NATO troops were stationed – may be some special troops operated in secret here and there but there were no military basis. You might also remember that Obama – in his final long interview - mentioned the military intervention in Libya as one of his big mistakes. Guess why?! And if the GNA government would be loyal servants of imperialist Great Powers why did they not support it with substantial military aid in the past years?! In contrast, they either stay neutral or support Haftar. Now compare this to the years-long relationship of the YPG and US imperialism. You have US troops on the ground, close collaboration, military bases – and all this since many years! One must be really totally blind to ignore the difference!
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