It's amazing that people managed to live in Alta a few thousand years ago. It's cold and dark in the winter: the sun sets on November 25, and doesn't rise again until January 17 ( https://weatherspark

Evolved in western Africa with no fossils? Let us hope it is not true ( https://quoteinvestigator.com/2011/02/09/darwinism-hope-pray/ ) , but if it is, let us make sure it does not become widely known

An important paper for understanding the remarkable evolution of the human brain. (Somehow it has been overlooked by the folks at Anthropogeny.org ) Stephen C. Cunnane & Michael A. Crawford (2014) Ene

A cave 140 km north of the Mediterranean Sea was occupied at different times by Neanderthals and Sapiens, about 50 000 years ago. I think it was probably only used during the warm summer months, by pe

There are hundreds of images on this rock-carved surface at the location Leirfall (also spelled Leirfald) an hour's drive from Trondheim. Everyone seems to think that the most common image depicts foo

The light blue coastal areas on this map, along the northern shore of the Mediterranean Sea are just below present sea level, but were mostly exposed when the sea was low during the Stone Age. During

We need a new adjective in science, especially in the science of paleoanthropology. Piltdownian: Remarkable evidence that cannot be tested by impartial experts, and where the possibility of hoax is un

We know that rafting has been important in primate speciation. New World Monkeys originated from Old World Monkeys that must have rafted from Africa to South America. Lemurs must have originated from

We should reconsider the meaning of the Venus figurines, which have so far been a bit of a mystery. There are hundreds of them, many about 25,000 years old. Most are female figures, with lots of subcu

There are lots of unanswered questions in the study of human origins ('anthropogeny'.) Many of these questions (such as What were the selection pressures that led to human language, culture, physiolog

I think it took marine humans a few million years to develop the first advanced language on Bioko . Then people came to mainland Africa, or directly to Eurasia, and easily developed new advanced langu

There are lots of Neanderthal skeletons, but almost nothing to show that people were actually living where the bones were found. It is as if some people had wandered out of their comfort zones, and di

In addition to A00, the earliest Y-DNA haplogroup, which seems to have originated near Bioko about 340,000 years ago, D0 is another deep-rooting haplogroup. It is found in Nigeria, and is thought to h

Proto-human language ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Human_language ) may have evolved over many million years on Bioko. Large crowds of people entertained themselves by standing up to their nec

The diversity of sounds in various languages can be used to trace back to the origin of language. The results point to an African origin of modern human language, and more precisely, a western African

There are no mammal fossils of any kind where African great apes currently live. But using DNA to estimate the time of the last common ancestors, we can imagine a plausible sequence of speciation even

The Bioko hypothesis uses the model of punctuated evolution, with speciation (rapid evolution) followed by stasis (minimal evolutionary change). Arboreal orangutans speciated about 20.2 million years

A family adrift at sea survived by eating raw sea-turtle meat. Sea turtles are easy to catch and kill, so their numbers have dwindled in the past century. Therefore it is not allowed to eat sea-turtle

Thanks to Terry Turner ( https://groups.io/g/AAT/message/73197 ) and Bernard Harper ( https://groups.io/g/AAT/message/73343 ) for these tips about rafting monkeys. Upright trees and turf with monkeys

Here are articles about the highly divergent A00-haplogroup. Some of the people on mainland Africa near Bioko might be only one step away from the postulated Bioko marine humans. Their DNA and languag